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Hydrogen Storage Alloys Used for NI-MH battery

Introduction

Taking advantage of the abundant rare-earths resource in China, with advanced equipments, technology and analysis instruments, we produce high quality hydrogen storage alloys with the registered trademark of Whole Win, in the production scale of 1000 tons per year. The technology of the products is mature, and the quality of the products is high and steady.

The hydrogen storage alloy is the anode material, also the key raw material of Metal Hydride/Nickel batteries. The Metal Hydride/Nickel battery can be used for hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicles, electric tools, aero models, digital cameras, UPS power supplies, energy storage batteries of wind and solar energy and so on.

As the achievement of 863 project undertook by our company, the hydrogen storage alloy is the only product that passed the operation certification of the manufacturers of hybrid electric vehicles. The hydrogen storage alloy had been used for hybrid electric vehicles of FAW, SAW, Chang'an, Chery and so on, which was used as bus system in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Dalian, Changchun and other cities.

The Operation Principle

Hydrogen storage alloys are the materials that can reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen largely under the conditions of certain temperatures and pressures . Hydrogen storage alloys are used as the negative electrodes of MH/Ni batteries,and so they are the key materials in MH/Ni batteries. The electrolyte of MH/Ni batteries is aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. When MH/Ni batteries are charged, the hydrogen ions formed from the electrolytic water adsorb the surface of the negative electrode, then diffuse into the electrode matrix, react with hydrogen storage alloys and turn into metal hydrides, MHx. When the electric current is reversed and MH/Ni batteries are discharged, the metal hydrides release the absorbed hydrogen ions and oxidized into water as both the hydrogen storage alloys and metal hydrides are good electric conductors. The electrochemical reaction equation is in the below,

M + xNi(OH)₂ ←→ MH_x + xNiOOH

During the charge and discharge process, there is neither diffluence of the metals from the positive electrodes, nor the deposit of the metals from the negative electrodes. The reactions occurred on both the positive and negative electrodes belong to solid-phase transition mechanism, metal-phase transition MHx-phase, so both the electrodes are high stable structure.

Specifications and Performance

Co, wt.	Type	Feature	Discharge Capacity (mAh/g)		Cycle Life (Half cell test)	Plateau Pressure (45℃, MPa)	Suggestions
Co, wt.	Type	Feature	At 60mA/g	At 300mA/g	Cycle Life (Half cell test)	Plateau Pressure (45℃, MPa)	Suggestions
None	L6A	Ultra low-cost	≥300	≥280	≥200	0.025±0.01	Recommended for the production of low capacity batteries
3%	L2	Economic	≥300	≥280	≥220	0.045±0.01	Recommended for the production of low and middle capacity batteries
4%	L5A	Low cost and high power	≥310	≥290	≥280	0.04±0.01	Recommended for the production of low cost and high power batteries
6%	L3B	Normal	≥320	≥300	≥300	0.015±0.01	Recommended for the production of normal capacity batteries
	L3DC	High power	≥310	≥290	≥300	0.05±0.02	Recommended for the production of high power batteries
	C3A	High power	≥310	≥290	≥320	0.055±0.01	Recommended for the production of high power and long life batteries
	L3A	Low cost and long life	≥300	≥280	≥330	0.04±0.01	Recommended for the production of low cost and long life batteries
8%	G1F	Normal	≥310	≥290	≥250	0.025±0.01	Recommended for the production of normal capacity batteries
	G1	High capacity	≥340	≥320	≥280	0.05±0.02	Recommended for the production of high capacity batteries
	G1C	Wide temp	≥320	≥300	≥280	0.08±0.02	For batteries used in environment with a wide temperature range
	G1D	Low temp	≥320	≥300	≥280	0.06±0.02	Recommended for the production of batteries use at low temperature
10%	L1G	High temp	≥300	≥280	≥350	0.025±0.01	Recommended for the production of batteries use at high temperature
	L1B	High capacity and long life	≥340	≥300	≥300	0.025±0.01	Recommended for the production of high capacity and long life batteries
	L1	Long life	≥310	≥290	≥350	0.045±0.01	Recommended for the production of long life batteries
	C1	Ultra-long life	≥300	≥280	≥380	0.06±0.02	recommended for the production of ultra-long life batteries
	C3B

High power hydrogen storage alloys

The 1C discharge capacity is no less than 290mAh/g, and the discharge efficiency of 5C and 10C is no less than 90% and 70% respectively. The alloy fit for the production of high power batteries.

Long life hydrogen storage alloys

The 1C discharge capacity is no less than 280mAh/g, and the cycle life of 1C charge/discharge is no less than 300 times. The alloy fit for the production of the long cycle life batteries, and the cycle life of 1C charge/charge of the batteries can reach 500 times.

High capacity hydrogen storage alloys

The 0.2C discharge capacity is no less than 340mAh/g, and the discharge capacity above 1.2V is no less than 80% of the total capacity, while the 1C discharge capacity is no less than 320mAh/g. The alloy fit for the production of high capacity batteries.

Wide-temperature hydrogen storage alloys

The service temperature of the alloy is between -30℃ and 60℃. The best working temperature of the alloy is 10℃ to 20℃, in which its 0.2C discharge capacity is no less than 320mAh/g and its discharge capacity above 1.2V accounts for 85% or more of the total discharge capacity. At 0.2C charge/discharge rate, the discharge efficiency is no less than 70% in -20℃, and no less than 50% in -30℃. At 1C charge/discharge rate, the discharge efficiency is no less than 85% in 50℃, and no less than 70% in 60℃. The alloy fit for the production of the batteries used in the environment with relatively big change of temperature.

Low-temperature hydrogen storage alloys

The service temperature of the alloy is between -40℃ and 50℃. The best working temperature of the alloy is 5℃ to 15℃, in which its 0.2C discharge capacity is no less than 320mAh/g, and the discharge capacity above 1.2V accounts for 85% or more of the total discharge capacity. At 0.2C charge/discharge rate, the discharge efficiency is no less than 80% in -20℃, and no less than 60% in -30℃. The alloy fit for the production of the batteries used in the frigid areas or low temperature environment..

High-temperature hydrogen storage alloys

The service temperature of the alloy is between -20℃ and 70℃. The best working temperature of the product is between 35℃ and 40℃, in which its 0.2C discharge capacity is no less than 300mAh/g, and the discharge capacity above 1.2V accounts for 85% or more of the total discharge capacity. At 0.2C charge/discharge rate, the discharge efficiency is no less than 85% in 50℃, and no less than 60% in 70℃. The alloy fit for the production of the batteries used in tropical areas or high temperature environment.

Packaging and storage

The products were packed in vacuum aluminum foil bag per 5 kilo, and in carton packing per four packed bags.

The well packed products can store for one year. The opened products should be used in four hours, and in twenty four hours if introducing protective argon or nitrogen gas.

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